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AP Biology Unit 2: Cell Structure and Function

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Unit 2: Cell Structure and Function

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Question 1

A cell with a high rate of protein secretion would be expected to have an abundance of:

A.Lysosomes.B.Smooth ER.C.Rough ER and Golgi apparatus.D.Peroxisomes.

Question 2

Which transport mechanism requires both a protein channel and ATP?

A.Simple diffusion.B.Facilitated diffusion.C.Active transport.D.Osmosis.

Question 3

The mitochondrion has its own DNA and double membrane. This evidence best supports which hypothesis?

A.Mitochondria evolved from invaginations of the plasma membrane.B.Mitochondria originated as engulfed prokaryotes (endosymbiotic theory).C.Mitochondria evolved from the endoplasmic reticulum.D.Mitochondria are vestigial structures with no current function.

Question 4

If a freshwater plant is placed in a hypertonic salt solution, what will happen to its cells?

A.Cells will burst (lyse).B.Cells will swell with water.C.Cells will plasmolyze, with the membrane pulling away from the wall.D.Cells will remain unchanged due to the cell wall.

Question 5

Which structural feature distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?

A.Prokaryotes lack a membrane-bound nucleus.B.Prokaryotes lack ribosomes.C.Prokaryotes lack DNA.D.Prokaryotes lack a cell membrane.

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Question 6

What is the primary role of the cytoskeleton in a eukaryotic cell?

A.Producing ATP for cellular work.B.Providing structural support, organelle positioning, and intracellular transport.C.Storing genetic information.D.Synthesizing proteins.

Question 7

Why does the surface area to volume ratio limit cell size?

A.Larger cells have insufficient genetic material.B.As volume grows faster than surface area, exchange with the environment becomes inadequate.C.Gravity collapses larger cells.D.Larger cells run out of DNA.

Question 8

Cilia and flagella in eukaryotes share which structural feature?

A.Both are made of actin microfilaments.B.Both have a 9+2 arrangement of microtubules.C.Both are extensions of the cell wall.D.Both rotate using a proton motive force.

AP Biology Unit 2: Cell Structure and Function — Free with Answer Explanations | Test Practice Hub