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AP Environmental Science Unit 3: Populations

12 questions

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Unit 3: Populations

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Question 1

Which factor is a density-DEPENDENT limiting factor for a deer population?

A.A severe drought that kills vegetation across the entire habitatB.A volcanic eruption that destroys forest habitatC.Disease spread that intensifies as deer congregate at shrinking water sourcesD.A severe winter freeze that kills all age classes equally

Question 2

A population that initially grows slowly, then rapidly, then slows again as it approaches the environment's carrying capacity (K), is exhibiting:

A.Exponential (J-curve) growthB.Logistic (S-curve) growthC.Boom-and-bust population cyclingD.Linear growth

Question 3

Total fertility rate (TFR) in a country falls from 4.2 to 2.1 children per woman. If TFR remains at 2.1, what will eventually happen to the population size (assuming no migration)?

A.Immediate population decline begins as soon as TFR reaches 2.1.B.Population stabilizes immediately at its current size.C.Population continues to grow for decades due to momentum, then stabilizes.D.Population grows exponentially because 2.1 children replaces both parents.

Question 4

Wolves were reintroduced to a habitat with an existing deer population of 800. The area's carrying capacity for deer is 600. Based on logistic growth principles, what should happen to the deer population over the next few years even WITHOUT wolves?

A.Deer population grows because there are many individuals to reproduce.B.Deer population declines toward 600 due to density-dependent resource limitation.C.Deer population remains stable at 800 because it has already reached equilibrium.D.Deer population crashes to zero because the habitat is degraded past recovery.

Question 5

An age structure diagram (population pyramid) showing a very wide base (large proportion of young people) and narrow top (few elderly) indicates that the population will:

A.Decline in the near future because birth rates must be falling.B.Remain stable because births balance deaths.C.Grow rapidly in the future as the large young cohort reaches reproductive age.D.Experience population aging and decline like many European nations.

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Question 6

Country X has high birth rates, high death rates, and a young population with rapid growth. Country Y has low birth rates, low death rates, and a stable or slightly declining population. According to the demographic transition model, Country X is in _______ and Country Y is in _______.

A.Stage 4; Stage 1B.Stage 1; Stage 4C.Stage 2; Stage 3D.Stage 3; Stage 2

Question 7

Dandelions produce thousands of lightweight seeds and have short life spans, reaching maturity quickly. This reproductive strategy classifies them as:

A.K-selected speciesB.r-selected speciesC.Keystone speciesD.Indicator species

Question 8

Which of the following human demographic trends is associated with Stage 3 of the demographic transition?

A.High crude birth rate and high crude death rateB.Rapidly falling death rates while birth rates remain highC.Declining birth rates with already-low death ratesD.Very low birth rates and slightly negative population growth

Question 9

A population of 1,000 rabbits grows at an annual rate of 3.5%. Using the Rule of 70, approximately how many years will it take for the population to double?

A.10 yearsB.20 yearsC.35 yearsD.200 years

Question 10

A population of 500 deer occupies a 50 km² forest. Biologists find 40 births and 20 deaths in one year, with 5 deer immigrating and 10 emigrating. What is the net change in the population over the year?

A.ΔN = +15B.ΔN = +20C.ΔN = +25D.ΔN = −15

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Question 11

A population of 200 squirrels lives in a woodland. Ecologists estimate the carrying capacity of that woodland at 400 squirrels. Using logistic growth, at what population size would the growth rate be at its maximum?

A.At N = 400 (at carrying capacity)B.At N = 200 (at K/2)C.At N = 1 (at the very start of growth)D.At N = 600 (above K)

Question 12

A wildlife biologist documents that in a white-tailed deer population, mortality is highest during the first year of life and then remains relatively low and constant throughout adulthood. This describes a:

A.Type I survivorship curveB.Type II survivorship curveC.Type III survivorship curveD.Type IV survivorship curve

AP Environmental Science Unit 3: Populations — Free with Answer Explanations | Test Practice Hub