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AP Physics 2 Unit 5: Geometric and Physical Optics

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Unit 5: Geometric and Physical Optics

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Question 1

A fish is $1.0 m$ below the surface of water ( $n_{w} = 1.33$ ). A person looks straight down at the fish from air ( $n_{air} = 1.0$ ). Due to refraction, the fish appears to be at what depth below the surface?

d_{apparent} \approx 0.75 m

d_{apparent} \approx 1.33 m

d_{apparent} = 1.0 m

(no distortion)D.

d_{apparent} \approx 0.50 m

Question 2

An object is placed $30 cm$ in front of a concave mirror with focal length $f = 10 cm$ . Using the mirror equation $\frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{d _{o}} + \frac{1}{d _{i}}$ , what is the image distance $d_{i}$ ?

d_{i} = - 15 cm

d_{i} = 15 cm

d_{i} = 20 cm

d_{i} = 40 cm

Question 3

A thin film of soap ( $n = 1.35$ ) in air has a thickness $t = 350 nm$ . For what wavelength of visible light (in air) does the film appear brightest (constructive interference in reflection)?

λ = 945 nm

(infrared — not visible)B.

λ = 630 nm

(orange-red)C.

λ = 472.5 nm

(blue-violet)D.

λ = 315 nm

(ultraviolet — not visible)

Question 4

A diffraction grating with $500 lines/mm$ is illuminated with light of wavelength $λ = 600 nm$ . At what angle does the first-order ( $m = 1$ ) maximum appear?

θ \approx 17.5°

θ \approx 30°

θ \approx 8.6°

θ \approx 35.1°

Question 5

A converging (convex) lens with focal length $f = 20 cm$ has an object placed $10 cm$ from it (inside the focal length). What type of image does the lens produce?

A.Real, inverted, and magnifiedB.Virtual, upright, and magnifiedC.Real, upright, and diminishedD.No image is formed when the object is inside the focal length.

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Question 6

In a double-slit interference experiment, the slits are separated by $d = 0.5 mm$ and a screen is $L = 2.0 m$ away. For light of wavelength $λ = 500 nm$ , what is the distance between adjacent bright fringes?

Δ y = 1.0 mm

Δ y = 2.0 mm

Δ y = 0.5 mm

Δ y = 4.0 mm

Question 7

An object is placed $15 cm$ to the left of a converging lens with $f_{1} = 10 cm$ . A second converging lens with $f_{2} = 20 cm$ is placed $40 cm$ to the right of the first lens. Where is the final image formed relative to the second lens?

20 cm

to the right of lens 2 (real image)B.

20 cm

to the left of lens 2 (virtual image)C.

13.3 cm

to the right of lens 2 (real image)D.No image is formed — the object is at

f_{2}

Question 8

A convex (diverging) mirror always produces what type of image for a real object?

A.Real, inverted, diminishedB.Real, upright, magnifiedC.Virtual, inverted, diminishedD.Virtual, upright, diminished

Question 9

In single-slit diffraction, the first minimum occurs at angle $θ$ given by $a sin θ = λ$ , where $a$ is the slit width. If the slit width is doubled while keeping the wavelength constant, the central diffraction maximum becomes:

A.Twice as wide and half as brightB.Half as wide and more brightC.The same width but twice as brightD.Half as wide and half as bright

Question 10

Light travels from glass ( $n_{g} = 1.5$ ) into water ( $n_{w} = 1.33$ ) at an angle of incidence of $60°$ . What is the angle of refraction in water? ( $sin 60° \approx 0.866$ )

θ_{2} \approx 40.6°

(ray bends toward the normal)B.Total internal reflection occurs; no transmitted ray.C.

θ_{2} \approx 77.8°

(ray bends away from the normal)D.

θ_{2} = 60°

(no bending at the glass-water interface)

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Question 11

Snell's law describes refraction at the interface between two media. If a ray travels from medium 1 (index $n_{1}$ ) into medium 2 (index $n_{2} > n_{1}$ ), what happens to the angle of refraction $θ_{2}$ compared to the angle of incidence $θ_{1}$ ?

θ_{2} > θ_{1}

(ray bends away from the normal)B.

θ_{2} < θ_{1}

(ray bends toward the normal)C.

θ_{2} = θ_{1}

(no bending occurs)D.

θ_{2} = 90°

(total internal reflection occurs)

Question 12

Total internal reflection can occur when light travels from:

A.Air into glass, at any angle of incidenceB.Glass into air, at angles exceeding the critical angleC.Glass into air, at angles smaller than the critical angleD.Air into water, when the beam is nearly parallel to the surface

AP Physics 2 Unit 5: Geometric and Physical Optics — Free with Answer Explanations | Test Practice Hub