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AP United States History Unit 2: Period 2: 1607–1754

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Unit 2: Period 2: 1607–1754

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Question 1

How did the Great Awakening contribute to growing tensions between colonial and British authority in the mid-eighteenth century?

A.The Great Awakening created a shared American Protestant identity that deepened loyalty to the British CrownB.By emphasizing direct individual access to God over institutional authority, the Great Awakening trained colonists to question inherited hierarchies, including political onesC.The Great Awakening had no political implications and was entirely confined to private religious experienceD.The Great Awakening created a unified established church that could organize political resistance to British policy

Question 2

Why did William Penn design Pennsylvania as a 'Holy Experiment' with unusual guarantees of religious tolerance?

A.Penn was a secular Enlightenment thinker who rejected all religious influence on governmentB.As a Quaker, Penn had experienced persecution for his faith and wanted to create a refuge where diverse religious communities could coexistC.The English Crown required all new colonies to guarantee religious tolerance as a condition of receiving chartersD.Penn needed to attract large numbers of settlers quickly and used religious tolerance purely as a marketing strategy

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the legal codification of slavery in the English colonies during the seventeenth century?

A.Slavery was introduced fully formed through a single comprehensive slave code passed by Parliament in 1660B.Colonial legislatures incrementally passed laws that transformed African workers from bound servants to heritable racial propertyC.English common law already recognized race-based chattel slavery, so no new legislation was neededD.Slavery was only legally recognized in the Southern colonies; Northern colonies maintained legal freedom for all Africans

Question 4

How did the Chesapeake and New England colonies differ in their primary economic foundations during the seventeenth century?

A.Chesapeake colonists focused on small-scale subsistence farming, while New Englanders developed large tobacco plantationsB.The Chesapeake relied on tobacco export for commercial wealth, while New England diversified into fishing, shipbuilding, and tradeC.Both regions shared identical economies based on the production of grain for European marketsD.New England dominated the slave trade while the Chesapeake relied exclusively on free labor

Question 5

Bacon's Rebellion of 1676 is historically significant primarily because it:

A.Led directly to Virginia's independence from English rule for a decadeB.Revealed deep class tensions and contributed to the planter elite's decision to rely more heavily on enslaved African laborC.Resulted in the creation of the first formal colonial legislature in North AmericaD.United all English colonies in a common front against Native American aggression

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Question 6

A colonial observer writing in 1700 noted: 'Those Africans who arrive in Carolina are already skilled in growing rice, having cultivated it in their home country.' This observation best supports which historical argument?

A.Enslaved Africans were passive victims who contributed nothing to colonial economic development beyond their labor powerB.Planters deliberately recruited enslaved people from West African rice-growing regions, valuing their agricultural expertiseC.The rice economy of South Carolina was developed entirely by European planters who taught Africans to cultivate the cropD.Rice cultivation was adopted from indigenous peoples, not from African knowledge systems

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why Virginia colonists shifted from indentured servitude to enslaved African labor during the second half of the seventeenth century?

A.Indentured servants were more expensive than enslaved Africans from the outset of colonizationB.Bacon's Rebellion revealed the danger of a large class of poor, armed freedmen; enslaved Africans were a more controllable permanent labor forceC.The English government banned the use of indentured servants after 1660D.Tobacco prices rose so dramatically that planters could afford to purchase enslaved laborers for the first time

Question 8

A Puritan minister preaching in Boston in 1640 stated: 'God hath contracted with us as a community. If we fail in our covenant, He shall afflict us; if we prosper, it is proof of His favor.' This idea is most closely associated with which Puritan concept?

A.The Half-Way Covenant, which extended church membership to the unconvertedB.The federal covenant, or covenant theology, holding that God made a collective agreement with the Puritan communityC.Antinomianism, the belief that the saved are above moral lawD.Quaker testimonies of individual divine revelation superseding communal authority

Question 9

The 1676 King Philip's War in New England resulted in which of the following long-term consequences?

A.Permanent accommodation between English colonists and remaining indigenous nations in a stable peace treatyB.The near-destruction of indigenous power in southern New England, opening vast land for English expansionC.English defeat and withdrawal from Massachusetts Bay Colony for a generationD.The formation of a permanent Native American confederacy that successfully halted English expansion for fifty years

Question 10

How did the Middle Colonies of Pennsylvania, New York, and New Jersey differ from both New England and the Chesapeake in their social characteristics?

A.The Middle Colonies were the most religiously homogeneous region, dominated by a single Protestant denominationB.The Middle Colonies had the greatest ethnic and religious diversity, featuring German, Dutch, Quaker, and other communities alongside English settlersC.The Middle Colonies had no enslaved population and were the first to abolish slaveryD.The Middle Colonies were distinguished by their exclusively aristocratic social structure with no merchant class

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Question 11

A pamphlet circulating in Philadelphia in 1740 declared: 'You must be born again! Your wealth and church membership cannot save you — only God's sovereign grace through a direct experience of conversion.' This statement best reflects the theology of:

A.Deism, the belief that God created the world but does not intervene in human affairsB.The Great Awakening, emphasizing individual conversion, emotional religious experience, and God's sovereigntyC.Unitarianism, which rejected the doctrine of the Trinity and emphasized rational religionD.Anglican formalism, stressing liturgy and institutional authority over individual experience

Question 12

The Stono Rebellion of 1739 in South Carolina is historically significant primarily because it:

A.Ended the slave trade in South Carolina by persuading planters that further importation was too dangerousB.Demonstrated that enslaved people actively resisted their bondage and prompted harsher slave codes and controlsC.Successfully freed all enslaved people in the Stono River region, who then escaped to FloridaD.Marked the beginning of a sustained abolitionist movement among white South Carolinians

AP United States History Unit 2: Period 2: 1607–1754 — Free with Answer Explanations | Test Practice Hub